Mechanical Engineering Notes

 Limitations of  A Gantt Chart are as follows : 1. Relation cannot be shown in different verbs.   2. A difficult verb and a simple verb cannot be represented separately from this chart.   3. This chart displays only inference, not certainty.   4. The timing of completion of verbs in this chart has no effect.

Gantt charts have been used extensively in the industrial sector.  It was developed by Henry Gantt.  It is an operational drawing that presents information about the progress of operations.  In it, records of future plans, progress of current operations and past achievements are depicted.  The time chart of actions on the x axis and their order on the y axis are displayed in the Gantt bar chart.  In this chart, it is named bar chart because of the time of actions by the thick line (bar).  The length of the bar indicates the time of action.  The first project to create a bar chart for a project (the sequence of actions that are carried out sequentially to achieve a goal) is divided into actions.  The beginning and end of these actions should be visible.  In these verbs some verbs are based on each other, some are dependent on each other and some are independent of each other.  In the second phase, an inter-connection between the actions i...

The three principle of material handling are :   1. Principle of Shortest Distance: The minimum operating distance should be as far as possible.  A lot depends on the condition of the plant layout, warehouses and production centers.  Reduced distance saves labor, time and money in material handling.   2. Principle of Short Terminal Time: As far as possible, there should be no delay in lifting and delivery of material ie unnecessary time is not lost in loading and unloading.   3. Principle of Two way Load: Principle of two-way load: As far as possible, the material should be loaded in both the vehicles coming and going.  In other words, the vehicle should not run empty.  If the same weight is loaded in the arrival and departure of the vehicle by proper material handing method, then the handing cost can be half.  Thus double benefit can be achieved.

The Depriciation refers to fall in the value or utility of fixed assets which are used in operations over the definite period of years. In other words, Depriciation  is the process of spreading the cost of fixed assets over the number of years during which benefit of the asset is received. By J.R Batlibai's definition : "Its a matter of common knowledge that all fixed assets such as plants , machinery, tolls , buildings , lease holds ,furniture etc. gradually "diminish in value " as they get older and become worth out by  constant use in the Business.

 Inventory is a broad term  that includes raw materials ,semi manufactured  goods ,supplies or accessories and resources manufactured by the organization. For example in the case of Bakery ,that makes bread and  biscuits, the flour oil ,sugar ,salt , eggs , fuel ,packaging materials of biscuits all are included in the inventory.

Depending on the quantity, production is classified as follows  A . Job Production (Job production or job production): Production is done according to the orders of the customers.  Standardization is not adopted in it because items of different types and rules are produced in it.  In this, instruments etc. are installed which can produce goods of all specifications B . Batch Production: This system depends on consumer demand.  Under it, goods are produced in classes.  Production of goods starts in the other class only when one class of goods is sold.  The class production process is employed in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry.   C. Mass Production: This is the reverse of job production.  Only certain kinds of goods are produced in this and the purpose of such production is to sell the affected goods on a large scale.  

Question 1 : Explain the Working of Magneto Hydro Dynamic Generator with sketch. Answer :  Magneto hydro dynamic generator also called MHD generator, the principle of MHD generator is based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.  The MHD generator is a high efficiency heat engine that converts thermal energy into electrical energy.  According to Faraday's rules, when a conductor rotates in a magnetic field, a voltage is produced in it that produces an electric current.  MHD generator uses fluid as a solid conductor which is a conductor.  It can be a working liquid, ionized gas or a liquid metal.  When ionized gas flows through the magnetic field, a voltage is produced in it and this ionized gas behaves like an electric conductor.  The gas is used between 2000 ° -3000 ° K temperature.  This method of power generation does not contaminate the environment.  Installing an M.H.D power generator costs more than a conventional thermal...